Architectural technology is the application of technology to building design, integrating construction techniques into the design process and often viewed as a distinct discipline within architecture and building engineering. Its foundations are often attributed to Vitruvius' theories, but the discipline profoundly evolved with the industrialization of the 19th century, which fragmented the building profession and introduced new materials. For centuries, traditional materials were limited, but the invention of reinforced concrete in 1849 marked a significant shift towards today's complex, multi-layered constructions. Today, professionals like architects and architectural technologists use advanced tools such as Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) to develop technical solutions, ensuring designs are buildable, safe, and efficient.