Mayor

A mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government, such as a city or town, worldwide, though their powers and responsibilities vary significantly. Their role can range from a chief executive officer, responsible for appointing staff and executing laws, to a largely ceremonial figure. Mayors are typically selected either through direct public election or by an elected council, depending on local laws and customs.

The term "mayor" shares its linguistic roots with the military rank "major," both deriving from the Latin "maior." Historically, the position in England evolved from London's chief magistrate, the "portreeve," which became "mayor" by the early 12th century—a privilege secured from King John. By the 20th century, particularly in the United Kingdom, the office largely transitioned into an esteemed, ceremonial honor focused on civic and representational functions rather than substantial administrative duties.