The Enneagram of Personality is a pseudoscientific model that classifies the human psyche into nine interconnected personality types, represented by a geometric figure. Its contemporary teachings primarily stem from Bolivian psycho-spiritual teacher Oscar Ichazo in the 1950s and Chilean psychiatrist Claudio Naranjo in the 1970s, who also incorporated earlier influences from George Gurdjieff.
The Enneagram is widely promoted in both business management and spiritual contexts, where proponents claim it enhances self-awareness and personal development. However, despite its popularity, the model is largely dismissed as pseudoscience by personality assessment experts. This is due to limited formal psychometric analysis and a lack of acceptance for its peer-reviewed research within relevant academic communities.