Environmental engineering is an interdisciplinary professional field that applies scientific and engineering principles to protect and improve the health of living organisms and the quality of the environment. Drawing on subjects like chemistry, biology, and hydrology, these engineers devise solutions for critical issues such as wastewater management, air and water pollution control, waste disposal, and enhancing public health. Their work includes designing municipal water systems, preventing waterborne diseases, assessing hazardous waste, and evaluating the environmental impact of construction projects, addressing global challenges like climate change and ozone depletion.

The practice of environmental engineering boasts a rich history, with ancient civilizations like the Indus Valley (3300-1300 B.C.E.) and the Romans (from 312 B.C.E.) implementing advanced water supply and sanitation systems. Today, qualified environmental engineers, often requiring licensing, continue to innovate, adapting to new technologies and ensuring a sustainable future.