Arab folk dances, often referred to as Oriental or Middle-Eastern dance, represent a rich array of traditional styles found across the Arab world, from North Africa to the Middle East. While frequently associated with belly dancing (Raqs sharqi), this art form encompasses numerous other styles, including the lively Dabke and the martial Ardah, many of which boast long histories as folk, ritual, or courtly performances. Historically, dance has been central to Arab culture, with influences such as the theorized connection between Al-Andalusian dancers and the development of flamenco in Spain.

European interest in Arab dances surged after the 1798 French campaign in Egypt, leading to the rise of "Orientalist" art. The term "belly dancing" itself was popularized in the U.S. during the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition by entertainment director Sol Bloom, who capitalized on the French phrase "danse du ventre" for its perceived exotic appeal. Today, these diverse and expressive dances remain a vital part of Arab identity, celebrated globally by expatriates and international groups who honor their cultural heritage through traditional costumes and captivating storytelling.