The Argentine anarchist movement was one of South America's strongest, flourishing between 1890 and 1930, characterized by a blend of European thought and local elements, driven by both immigrant workers and native Argentines. Its origins in the 1870s saw the establishment of early anarchist groups and the first newspaper, El Descamisado (1879), greatly influenced by Italian anarchist Errico Malatesta, who helped found the first anarchist trade union in 1887. The movement also featured groundbreaking initiatives like La Voz de la Mujer (1896), the world's first anarcha-feminist newspaper, with figures like Virginia Bolten advocating for anarchist communism and women's rights. Despite internal organizational debates, the movement solidified with the formation of the Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (FORA) in 1904, which asserted communist anarchism as its principle, even as it faced significant state repression, including the 1902 Residence Law allowing for the deportation of "subversive foreigners."