The Supreme Court of Cassation (Corte Suprema di Cassazione) is Italy's highest court of appeal, located in the Palace of Justice in Rome, and serves as the final arbiter in ensuring the correct application of law across all lower courts. It reviews appeals from appellate or trial courts, and can confirm, annul, or order amendments to sentences—with confirmed rulings being final and unappealable. Operating under a civil law system rooted in Roman law, its decisions do not create binding precedent like in common law, but they serve as a powerful reference for consistent jurisprudence. The court is organized into criminal and civil sections, with cases typically heard by a panel of five judges, or nine in complex matters involving the "united sections." Its origins trace back to the French Revolution, and it was heavily shaped by Napoleonic legal reforms during his Italian campaigns. Ultimately, the court harmonizes legal interpretation nationwide and resolves jurisdictional disputes among lower courts, making it a cornerstone of the Italian judicial system.