Here is a comprehensive summary of the Wikipedia article on Critical Rationalism:

Karl Popper developed Critical Rationalism, an epistemological philosophy asserting that progress in scientific and general problem-solving comes from proposing bold, non-deducible ideas that are then rigorously criticized. Popper, who coined the term "essentialism" in 1945, strongly opposed the notion that science could definitively establish ultimate truths, arguing instead that all theories remain open to doubt and refutation. He maintained there is no logical method for inductively deriving empirical truth; rather, deductive logic is crucial for evaluating theories and identifying contradictions, with human experimentation connecting ideas to reality. Initially cautious about using "truth," Popper later embraced Alfred Tarski's semantic theory of truth, which allowed him to conceptualize truth as a correspondence to facts, helping distinguish between the logical and methodological aspects of science. His influential works, including The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945) and Conjectures and Refutations (1963), underscore that knowledge advances not by proving theories, but by systematically eliminating errors.