Hinduism, with its prehistoric origins, and Sikhism, founded in the 15th century by Guru Nanak, are Indian religions that share fundamental philosophical concepts such as karma and dharma, though their interpretations differ. Some historians, like Louis Fenech, view Sikhism as an extension of the Bhakti movement, noting Hindu terminology and deity names in Sikh scriptures, though not for worship.

However, Sikhism is strictly monotheistic, rejecting the concept of divine incarnation and idol worship, a practice accepted by many Hindus as a means of focusing thought. Both traditions historically hold cows as sacred, with cow slaughter even being punishable by death under Sikh rule. Ultimately, while acknowledging "alternate names for the Almighty One," Sikhism emphasizes its distinct practices, offering a unique spiritual path and a different perspective on the experience of heaven and hell in this world.