Philippine fashion during the pre-colonial period was a vibrant reflection of indigenous culture, shaped by local materials and regional trade. Men and women primarily wore the baro, a simple collar-less shirt, often made from abacá fiber, silk, or cotton, and adorned with colorful patterns and beadwork. Men typically paired the baro with salaual (loose trousers) and a tapi (wraparound cloth), while women wore a tapis (wraparound skirt).

Social status was clearly communicated through clothing, with red dyes and gold trimmings signifying nobility or warriors among Tagalogs, and intricate gold necklaces (calombigas) and even leg tattoos distinguishing Visayan elites. Other common garments included the bahag (loincloth) and various head coverings like the putong (headcloths) and the salakot (a lightweight, often cone-shaped headgear) for protection from sun and rain. These styles underscore a rich, complex sartorial heritage before colonial influences.