The Ojibwe (also known as Chippewa or Ojibway) are an Anishinaabe people whose traditional homeland spans the Great Lakes region, northern plains, and subarctic woodlands of North America. With a population of roughly 320,000—including 170,742 in the U.S. as of 2010—they are one of the largest Indigenous groups north of the Rio Grande, speaking the Algonquian language Anishinaabemowin. They are renowned for cultural innovations like the dreamcatcher, birchbark canoes and scrolls, and the harvesting of wild rice and maple syrup, with their Midewiwin Society preserving complex records of history, songs, and mathematics. Historically, they formed the Council of Three Fires with the Odawa and Potawatomi and were part of the Iron Confederacy, while later facing colonization and land treaties with European powers, Canada, and the U.S. The name "Ojibwe" has uncertain origins, possibly referring to their method of fire-curing moccasin seams or their use of pictorial writing, and today they are organized into 125 bands across both countries.