On 26 December 2004, a devastating Mw 9.2–9.3 earthquake struck off the coast of Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia, rupturing the boundary between the Burma and Indian plates in what became the longest fault rupture ever recorded. The resulting tsunami, with waves up to 30 meters (100 feet) high, killed an estimated 227,898 people across 14 countries, devastating coastlines in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand, and earning its place as the deadliest tsunami in history. The earthquake itself was the most powerful ever recorded in Asia and the second- or third-largest globally since 1900, with a faulting duration of at least ten minutes that made the entire planet vibrate by up to 10 mm. It also remotely triggered earthquakes as far away as Alaska, highlighting its unprecedented global reach. The disaster spurred a massive humanitarian response, with donations exceeding US$14 billion, and scientists continue to refine its magnitude, with recent studies estimating Mw 9.2–9.3, making it a landmark event in seismology.