Daylight saving time (DST) is the practice of advancing clocks by one hour in the spring and setting them back in the autumn—often remembered as "spring forward, fall back"—to shift daylight from the morning to the evening. As of 2023, only 34% of the world's countries use DST, primarily in Europe and North America, with exceptions like Hawaii, Arizona, and most of Australia's regions keeping standard time year-round. While Benjamin Franklin satirically suggested waking earlier in 1784, the first concrete proposals came from New Zealand's George Hudson in 1895 and Britain's William Willett in 1907, but actual implementation lagged behind. The first local adoption happened in Thunder Bay, Canada, in 1908, followed by the first nationwide implementations by Germany and the Austro-Hungarian Empire on 30 April 1916. The rationale is that industrialized societies rely on fixed clock-based schedules, so by waking an hour earlier in summer, people get an extra hour of usable daylight after work. However, DST is of little use near the equator, where seasonal daylight variation is minimal, and many locations have adopted or abandoned it over the decades.