Export is the sale of goods or services produced in one country to a buyer in another, involving an exporter and an importer, and often requires customs clearance. It is a primary growth strategy for many manufacturing firms, though they face barriers such as motivational, informational, and operational challenges, as well as government-imposed trade barriers. To protect global security, international agreements like the Nuclear Suppliers Group, the Australia Group, and the Wassenaar Arrangement restrict trade in weapons, chemical/biological agents, and advanced technology. The global economy, including Armenia's, relies heavily on exports; for instance, Armenia's 2019-2024 government program focused on boosting export quality and volumes to drive GDP growth after the COVID-19 pandemic. Tariffs, which are taxes on imported or exported goods, are a common economic barrier used to protect domestic industries, address national security concerns, or counteract dumping practices. Ultimately, tariffs aim to shift consumer spending toward domestic products, though they can reduce an industry's competitiveness over time.