Physics is the scientific study of matter, its motion, energy, and force, making it one of the most fundamental disciplines. Historically, it was part of natural philosophy until the 17th-century Scientific Revolution split the sciences into separate fields, though its boundaries remain fluid with areas like biophysics and quantum chemistry. This field has driven transformative technologies, from television and computers (via electromagnetism and solid-state physics) to nuclear weapons and the industrialization enabled by thermodynamics. The term "physics" derives from the Greek phusikē ("natural science"), and its roots trace back to ancient astronomy practiced by civilizations like the Sumerians and Egyptians before 3000 BCE. In Greece, pre-Socratic thinkers like Thales rejected supernatural explanations, and Leucippus and Democritus proposed atomism—later proven correct—while Aristotle wrote a foundational "Physics" treatise in the 4th century BCE that influenced science for nearly two millennia.