Walmart Inc. is a leading American multinational retail corporation, founded in 1962 by brothers Sam and James "Bud" Walton in Rogers, Arkansas. Headquartered in Bentonville, it operates a vast chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, grocery stores, and Sam's Club warehouses across the United States and 23 other countries. As of October 2022, Walmart stands as the world's largest company by revenue and the largest private employer globally, with the Walton family retaining control.

After its initial public listing on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972, Walmart experienced rapid expansion, becoming the most profitable U.S. retailer by 1988 and the largest by revenue by October 1989, reaching coast-to-coast presence by the early 1990s. While achieving significant success in markets like Canada, the UK, and China, its ventures in some countries, including Germany and Japan, have faced challenges. Despite its immense commercial achievements, the company has been subject to extensive criticism and legal scrutiny concerning its labor practices, environmental policies, and business ethics.