Electronic media refers to content and equipment that utilize electronic or electromechanical means for audience access, encompassing everything from video and audio recordings to online content, and even devices like televisions and smartphones. The evolution of electronic media began in the 19th century with significant transmission breakthroughs. Samuel Morse invented the telegraph in 1832, enabling long-distance wired communication, followed by Alexander Graham Bell's telephone in 1876, which revolutionized voice communication.
The 20th century saw further advancements with Guglielmo Marconi pioneering wireless radio transmission in 1897 and the US launching the first communication satellite in 1958, drastically extending global reach. Fiber optics and Free Space Optics further improved data transmission speed and capacity. The internet emerged as a transformative force, with Tim Berners-Lee creating the World Wide Web in 1989 and the 1996 introduction of Real-Time Transport Protocol making live audio and video streaming broadly accessible, fundamentally changing how information is shared and consumed worldwide.