Islam's interactions with other religions are complex, recognizing Judaism and Christianity as "People of the Book" and distinguishing them from polytheists with specific legal implications, such as marriage rules for Muslim men. Historically, early Islamic principles under figures like Muhammad included granting religious freedoms, as seen in the Constitution of Medina, but later evolved into systems like the dhimmi status, which subjected non-Muslims to special taxation (jizyah) and certain restrictions. Theologically, Islam considers Abraham, Moses, and Jesus as its own prophets, believing their original messages were corrupted over time, thus establishing Islam as the final revelation. While the Quran encourages finding common ground and refraining from fighting with the "People of the Book," controversial interpretations regarding apostasy (punishable by death in some Hadith-based views, but debated as not being in the Quran) highlight ongoing discussions. Modern discourse increasingly focuses on interfaith dialogue, coexistence, and evolving Muslim-non-Muslim relations.
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