A folk dance reflects the life and culture of people in a specific country or region, distinct from ritual dances and modern forms like hip hop. These traditional dances are typically performed informally by non-professionals at social gatherings, passed down through generations, and guided by inherited traditions rather than innovation. While many European folk dances predate the 20th century, some, like the polka, have transcended ethnic boundaries and influenced ballroom dancing, showcasing their evolving nature.
Distinct regional styles, such as the German and Austrian schuhplattling with its characteristic body slapping, highlight unique cultural expressions, though many dances are shared across modern political borders. Today, events like "Balfolk" in Europe, popular since the 2000s, keep these traditions alive, featuring live music and partner dances like the schottische and waltz for recreation.