Fashion in the Early Eighteenth Century (1700-1750)

The early 18th century witnessed a departure from the tall, narrow silhouette of the late 17th century. Instead, fashion favored a wider, softer, and more voluminous look for both men and women.

Women's Fashion:

  • Gowns: The formal mantua, popular in the early 18th century, featured a stiff bodice and a closed (or "round") petticoat, which later evolved into the robe à la française with a low-cut neckline, a fitted bodice, wide panniers, and elaborate trims.

  • Underwear: Stays with a narrow back and wide front pulled the shoulders back for an erect posture. Panniers or hoops were worn under skirts to create a wider silhouette.

  • Outerwear: Riding habits consisted of a fitted coat and matching petticoat, and women wore elbow-length capes for warmth.

  • Fabrics and Colors: Pastel silks, chintz, brocades, and woolens in light colors were popular. Bold patterns and intricate embroidery were used for embellishment.

Men's Fashion:

  • Suits: The justaucorps, a three-piece suit, comprised a jacket, waistcoat, and breeches. Waistcoats were often elaborately embroidered and displayed patterned fabrics.

  • Coats: Coats were worn closer to the body and had wide skirts stiffened with buckram or horsehair.

  • Breeches: Knee-breeches, worn without support, were gathered into a band above or below the knee.

  • Footwear: Men's shoes had square toes and lower heels in the early 18th century, becoming more comfortable with rounded toes later in the period.

  • Accessories: Upper-class men carried canes and wore wide-brimmed hats called tricornes.

Common Trends:

  • Wigs remained essential for both men and women, often in white or powdered natural hair.
  • Pastels and light colors dominated fashion, conveying a sense of warmth and delicateness.
  • Asymmetrical designs and layered fabrics added to the flowing and whimsical nature of the era's clothing.
  • Fashion magazines emerged, bringing fashion news and inspiration to wider audiences.