Welsh poetry

Welsh Poetry: A Rich Literary Tradition

Welsh poetry encompasses poetry written by Welsh people or poets based in Wales, regardless of language. It includes works written in Welsh, English, and other languages. With roots dating back to the 6th century, Welsh poetry boasts one of the oldest literary traditions in Northern Europe.

Four Historical Periods

Welsh poetry is divided into four historical periods. The first, known as "Yr Hengerdd," flourished before 1100 and is characterized by the works of Aneirin and Taliesin. The second, "Beirdd y Tywysogion," lasted from 1100 to 1350 and saw the rise of court poets. The third, "Beirdd yr Uchelwyr," spanned from 1350 to 1600 and produced prominent poets like Dafydd ap Gwilym. After a lull following the union with England, the fourth period, "Modern Welsh Poetry," began around 1600.

Bardic Tradition and Anglo-Welsh Poetry

Welsh poetry is closely linked to the bardic tradition, with bards serving as highly respected members of society. The emergence of Anglo-Welsh poetry, written in English by Welsh poets, has significantly influenced both Welsh and English literature.

Renaissance and 20th Century

Around 1900, Welsh poetry experienced a renaissance with poets like T. Gwynn Jones and Waldo Williams. Notable writers in the 20th century included T. H. Parry-Williams, D. Gwenallt Jones, and many more. In recent times, Welsh poets often use pseudonyms or bardic names to maintain anonymity in Eisteddfod competitions, showcasing the enduring tradition of bardism in Welsh poetry.